Introduction: Leachate is a liquid coming out of accumulated wet wastes which contains several chemical and dangerous elements. Furthermore, it causes the aquatic ecosystem contamination. The purpose of this study is to give an indication of the effects of Tonekabon landfill on the surface water, so evaluating the amount of leachate polluting in surface waters was investigated.
Materials and Methods: In the current study, after 4 sampling periods at 4 stations, parameters of pollutants including BOD₅, COD, TSS, TDS, pH, and EC at different stations and in different seasons were investigated and analyzed.
Results: The results revealed that there was no significant difference between 4 stations in pH mean values, while values of other parameters were significantly different in various stations. Based on Duncan's test, the station of 3 and 4 were significantly different in the same group, and the stations of 1 and 2 were each in separate groups. On the other hand, an examination of the difference in data mean based on sampling season shows that there is a significant difference between the mean values of pH between summer and spring, while in other parameters there is no significant difference.
Conclusion: This landfill is important due to its location in the forest area near the rural and agricultural centers. The results showed that leachate could be transported to farther places in order to prevent soil and aquatic ecosystem contamination.

Introduction: Environmental changes driven by anthropogenic and natural factors significantly affect human health, the environment, and economic systems globally. This study investigated the ecological impacts of environmental variables in the Yazd-Ardakan Plain using remote sensing data and geospatial analysis.
Materials and Methods: Google Earth Engine (GEE) and R software were used to assess spatiotemporal trends from 2018 to 2023 using data from Landsat-8, Sentinel-2, and Sentinel-5P. Key indices, including the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), temperature, surface runoff, and concentrations of NO₂, CO, O₃, and SO₂, were calculated to evaluate patterns in green space, air quality, temperature, and precipitation.
Results: Elevated NO₂ and CO levels were observed in the centers of Yazd and  Ardakan, with O₃ and SO₂ peaking in 2019-2020 and improving by 2023. The highest aerosol concentrations were in 2019 and 2023, with a decrease in 2022. NDVI values peaked in 2020 but declined until 2023. The spatial analysis identified denser green spaces in Ardakan, elevated temperatures in Steel, and consistent precipitation across the regions. A positive correlation was found between temperature and pollution, whereas NDVI and precipitation showed negative correlations with temperature, indicating that vegetation loss exacerbates the effects of warming and pollution.
Conclusion: This study highlights significant climatic and environmental changes in the Yazd-Ardakan plain from 2018 to 2023, including rising temperatures and pollution, alongside declining precipitation and vegetation. These trends underscore the need for targeted management strategies to mitigate environmental degradation, protect public health, and promote sustainable development through advanced monitoring and policy intervention.