Journal of Environmental Health and Sustainable Development
مجله بهداشت محیط و توسعه پایدار
J Environ Health Sustain Dev
Medical Sciences
http://jehsd.ssu.ac.ir
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2024
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Spatial Distribution and Health Risk Assessment of Nitrate in Drinking Water: A Case Study in the Central Plateau of Iran
Environmental Health, Sciences, and Engineering
Original articles
<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="line-height:115%"><span calibri=""><b><i><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" times="">Introduction</span></span></span></i></b><i><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" times="">:</span></span></span></i><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" times=""> This study aimed to determine nitrate levels in water wells supplying drinking water in Taft city, Iran, and assess the associated health risks using the method proposed by the US Environmental Protection Agency.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="line-height:115%"><span calibri=""><b><i><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" times="">Materials and Methods:</span></span></span></i></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" times=""> In 2021, the average annual nitrate levels were determined in 48 drinking water wells which were located in Zone 39 (Taft city). Health risk assessment and sensitivity analysis were conducted to identify the most influential variables.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="line-height:115%"><span calibri=""><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" times=""> <b><i>Results:</i></b> The mean nitrate content in the water wells under study was 32.88 ± 18 mg/L. Out of the 48 examined water wells, 10 had nitrate levels higher than the standard value (50 mg/L) established by the Iranian Institute of Standardization (Standard No. 1053) and WHO. The calculated Hazard Quotient (HQ) for children and adolescents was greater than 1, while it was less than 1 for adults. Nitrate concentration in drinking water was found to be the most important influencing variable in the calculated HQ for children and adolescents.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<b><i><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" times="">Conclusion:</span></span></span></i></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" times=""> The results indicated that children and adolescents’ health in the studied area is at risk, and appropriate measures must be implemented to avoid and control the exposure of these vulnerable groups; they can be continuous monitoring of nitrate levels using on-site treatment methods where nitrate concentrations exceed the standard level, and decommissioning wells with high nitrate levels.</span></span></span></span></div>
Health Risk Assessment, Nitrate, Ground Water, Geographic Information System,Taft City.
2239
2248
http://jehsd.ssu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-729-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1
Reza Ali
Fallahzadeh
fallahzadeh4@yahoo.com