en Epidemiology Original articles <div style="text-align: justify;"><strong><em>Introduction</em></strong><strong><em>:</em></strong> Food insecurity has negative impacts on health, including the function of the immune system. The association between food insecurity and COVID-19 infection rates has not been fully understood. This study aimed to examine whether food-insecure households are more vulnerable to COVID-19 infection.<br> <strong><em>Materials and Methods:</em></strong> This online cross-sectional study was conducted on 2,871 Iranian adults (31 provinces), from August to September 2020. Demographic and socio-economic information was collected using a questionnaire. The <em>Household Food Insecurity Access Scale</em> (HFIAS) was used for assessing household food insecurity. The data analysis was performed by SPSS.22, using Chi-square test, ANOVA test, and Multinomial Logistic Regression Model.<br> <strong><em>Results:</em></strong> The findings indicated that healthcare personnel were at higher risk of COVID-19 (CI = 1.90, 7.05; OR = 3.66; P < 0.001). It was also shown that HFIAS scores were significantly higher among infected people compared to non-infected (CI = 1.00, 1.05; OR = 1.03; P < 0.05). Women were at lower risk of infection compared to men (CI = 0.41, 0.87; OR = 0.60; P < 0.05).<br> <strong><em>Conclusions:</em></strong> Based on the results, in addition to long-term policies to improve food security, policymakers are recommended to implement short-term policies to reduce the vulnerability of the community to COVID-19 virus.</div> COVID-19, Pandemics, Health Personnel, Food Insecurity. 1449 1458 http://jehsd.ssu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-352-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Naser Kalantari nkalantari1334@gmail.com 0000-0002-8919-4803 No Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, and Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Hassan Eini-Zinab hassan.eini@gmail.com 0000-0002-6895-034X No Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, and Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Neda Ezzeddin neda.ezedin@yahoo.com 0000-0002-0334-0858 Yes Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Nastaran Miri nastaranmiri@gmail.com 0000-0001-5519-6694 No Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.