en Air and waste management Original articles <div style="text-align: justify;"><strong><em>Introduction:</em></strong> the aim of this study was to determine the quantity and quality of indoor and outdoor air fungus bioaerosols in Khorramabad day care child centers.<span dir="RTL"></span><br> <strong><em>Materials and Methods:</em></strong> A total of 180 air samples were collected from 10 centers in 2018. The samples included 7 indoor and 2 outdoor sampling points<span dir="RTL">.</span> The total number of children was 580. Sampling of fungal bioaerosols was performed by the ZEFON pump (ZEFON factory, USA) with a flow rate of 28.3 L/min. The Sabouraud Dextrose Agar containing chloramphenicol was used as the culture medium. Relative humidity and temperature were measured by a Hygro-Thermometer (TES-1360A- Taiwan-made Humidity and temperature meter)<span dir="RTL">.</span><br> <strong><em>Results:</em></strong> The results showed that 96.1 % of the samples were positive and had grown colonies. The highest amount of fungal agents in the indoor air and outdoor air were 175.58 CFU/m³ and 274.56 CFU/m³ in May, while the lowest rates were 3.4 CFU/m³ and 7.8 CFU/m³ in July, respectively. <em>Aspergillus niger</em> and <em>Mucor</em> were the most highly abundant fungus genera, while <em>Fusarium </em>was the lowest one. In all samples, the I/O (indoor/outdoor) ratio was more than 1; so, fungal bioaerosols in indoor environments were dominant than the outdoor fungal bioaerosols. The relationship of fungal bioaerosols with RH and T<span dir="RTL">)</span>&deg;C<span dir="RTL">(</span> was significant (P-value = 0.001)<span dir="RTL">.</span><br> <strong><em>Conclusion:</em></strong> Generally, the amount of contamination is considerable in the studied day care child centers. Therefore, ventilation modification is recommended by a purifier filter. Moreover, the ventilation conditions and favorable air standards should be monitored continuously by supervisory authorities.</div> Fungi, Air Pollution, Indoor,Child Day Care Centers, Iran. 1077 1090 http://jehsd.ssu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-48-3&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Asghar Sepahvand fungimed44@yahoo.com. 0000-0002-3734-5622 No Razi Herbal Medicines Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran. Katayan Salim kh.jafary.71@gmail.com 0000-0002-5573-041X Yes Department of Environmental Engineering, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran. Edris Hoseinzadeh edris-2009@live.com 0000-0002-0674-281X No Student Research Committee, Saveh University of Medical Sciences, Saveh, Iran. Khadijeh Jafari k.jafary.71@gmail.com 0000-0001-6357-6179 No Environmental Science and Technologhy Research Center, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. Rezvan Mohammadrezaei Khorramabadi Rezvan.mr76@gmail.com 0000-0002-8128-0387 No Depatment of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.